八上英语 Unit4-6 范文 + 语法考点汇总
- 2026-11-05 11:51:23
八上英语 Unit4-6 考点合集来咯！从描写动物、介绍菜谱到规划新学期，三篇范文直接套用。汇总核心短语、万能句型，拆解一般现在时、祈使句、be going to 将来时，易错坑点一一标出。拿来背诵仿写，写作提分、单元检测复习都好用，快收藏起来！
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals｜My Favourite Animal
My favourite animal is the panda. Pandas are one of the most lovely animals in the world. They have black-and-white fur and round faces. They live in Sichuan and feed on bamboo. But now pandas are in danger because people cut down forests. We should protect their homes and not hurt them. If we act now, more pandas can live safely. I hope to see them in the wild one day.
重点短语
look after 照顾 take care of 照顾 be good at 擅长 a lot of 许多 live in 居住在 come from = be from 来自 give us… 给我们…… help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事 look like 看起来像 play with 和……一起玩
重点句型
1. 询问最喜欢的动物
- What’s your favourite animal?
你最喜欢的动物是什么？ - My favourite animal is the panda.
我最喜欢的动物是熊猫。 - What animal do you like best?
你最喜欢什么动物？
2. 描述外形与特征
It is big and strong.它又大又强壮。 It has a long neck.它有长长的脖子。 It looks cute and funny.它看起来可爱又有趣。 It can run very fast.它能跑得非常快。
3. 描述习性
It lives in the forest.它住在森林里。 It eats grass.它吃草。 It likes swimming.它喜欢游泳。 It can fly in the sky.它能在天空中飞翔。
4. 表达原因
- I like it because it is clever.
我喜欢它，因为它很聪明。 - It is my favourite animal because it is very friendly.
它是我最喜欢的动物，因为它很友好。 - Why do you like it?
— Because it is cute.
语法重点
语法一：一般现在时（Simple Present Tense）
1. 用法
一般现在时表示：
经常发生的动作 客观事实或普遍真理 动物的习性、能力、特征
例句：
The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。 A panda eats bamboo.熊猫吃竹子。 Penguins live in cold places.企鹅生活在寒冷的地方。
2. 句子结构
（1）肯定句
I / You / We / They + 动词原形They like dogs. He / She / It + 动词第三人称单数He likes dogs.
（2）否定句
I / You / We / They + don’t + 动词原形I don’t like snakes. He / She / It + doesn’t + 动词原形She doesn’t like snakes.
（3）一般疑问句
- Do
I / you / we / they + 动词原形…?Do you like pandas? - Does
he / she / it + 动词原形…?Does he like pandas?
回答：
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
（4）特殊疑问句
- What do you like?
你喜欢什么？ - Why does she like cats?
她为什么喜欢猫？ - Where do penguins live?
企鹅住在哪里？
语法二：行为动词第三人称单数变化规则
一般现在时中，主语是 he / she / it / 单数名词 时，动词要加 -s / -es。
情况 | 变化规则 | 例词 |
|---|---|---|
一般情况 | 加 -s | like → likes，eat → eats |
以 s, x, ch, sh, o 结尾 | 加 -es | watch → watches，go → goes |
以辅音字母 + y 结尾 | y 变 i + es | study → studies |
以元音字母 + y 结尾 | 直接加 -s | play → plays |
⚠️ 易错：疑问句和否定句中，does / doesn’t 后面必须用动词原形
❌ Does he likes dogs? ✅ Does he like dogs?
易错点提醒
- favourite
本身就有“最”的含义，前面不能再加 most❌ most favourite✅ favourite - sheep
单复数同形one sheep → two sheep - don’t / doesn’t 后动词用原形
- because 不能和 so 连用
❌ Because…, so…✅ Because… / …so…
Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal!｜How to Make Tomato and Egg Soup
Tomato and egg soup is my favourite dish. To make it, you need two tomatoes, two eggs, some salt and oil. First, wash and cut the tomatoes. Next, break the eggs into a bowl and stir them. Then, heat the oil, cook the tomatoes and add some water. After the water boils, pour in the eggs slowly. Finally, add salt. It is simple, healthy and tastes great.
重点固定搭配
1. 与做饭有关的动词短语
- cut up
切碎 - cut… into pieces
把……切成小块 - wash…
洗…… - peel…
剥…… - pour… into…
把……倒入…… - put… into…
把……放入…… - put… on…
把……放在……上 - turn on
打开（开关） - turn off
关闭 - mix… up
把……混合 - add… to…
把……加入…… - cook the soup
煮汤 - boil the water
烧水 - heat the oil
加热油 - beat the eggs
打鸡蛋 - make soup
做汤
2. 常用名词短语
tomato and egg soup 西红柿鸡蛋汤 a bowl of soup 一碗汤 a little salt 一点盐 a few tomatoes 几个西红柿 some water 一些水 two eggs 两个鸡蛋 green onions 葱花 cooking oil 食用油
3. 其他高频短语
first / next / then / finally 首先 / 接下来 / 然后 / 最后 need to do sth 需要做某事 how to make… 如何制作…… it’s time to do sth 是做某事的时候了 be ready 准备好了；熟了
二、重点句型
1. 询问如何制作食物
- How do you make tomato and egg soup?
你怎么做西红柿鸡蛋汤？ - What do we need?
我们需要什么？ - How many eggs do we need?
我们需要多少个鸡蛋？ - How much salt do we need?
我们需要多少盐？
2. 说明所需材料
- We need two eggs, one tomato and some water.
我们需要两个鸡蛋、一个西红柿和一些水。 - First, cut up the tomatoes.
首先，把西红柿切碎。 - Next, pour some water into the pot.
接下来，往锅里倒一些水。 - Then, add a little salt.
然后，加一点盐。 - Finally, put the eggs into the soup.
最后，把鸡蛋放入汤中。
3. 描述做饭步骤
- Turn on the stove.
打开炉子。 - Heat the oil in the pan.
在平底锅里加热油。 - Cook it for five minutes.
煮五分钟。 - Don’t add too much salt.
不要加太多盐。
4. 表达评价
- What a delicious meal!
多么美味的一顿饭啊！ - The soup tastes great!
这汤尝起来很棒！ - It’s very delicious!
它非常美味！
三、语法重点
语法一：祈使句（Imperative Sentences）
祈使句常用于 发出指令、说明步骤、提出要求或劝告，句子通常没有主语，以动词原形开头。
1. 肯定祈使句
结构：动词原形 + 其他
- Cut up the tomatoes.
把西红柿切碎。 - Add some water.
加一些水。 - Be careful!
小心！
2. 否定祈使句
结构：Don’t + 动词原形
- Don’t cut your fingers.
别切到手指。 - Don’t pour too much oil.
不要倒太多油。 - Don’t be late.
不要迟到。
3. 表示礼貌或语气缓和
- Please wash your hands.
请洗一下手。 - Please don’t add too much salt.
请不要加太多盐。
语法二：可数名词与不可数名词
1. 可数名词
有单复数变化，可用 a / an / one / two / many 修饰。
常见例子：
tomato → tomatoes egg → eggs potato → potatoes carrot → carrots onion → onions bowl → bowls
2. 不可数名词
没有复数形式，不能直接用 a / an 或数字修饰，常用 some / a little / much。
常见例子：
water 水 milk 牛奶 meat 肉 rice 米饭 salt 盐 sugar 糖 oil 油 soup 汤
⚠️ 量词表达：
a bowl of soup 一碗汤 a cup of milk 一杯牛奶 two pieces of bread 两片面包
语法三：How many & How much
1. How many
用于询问 可数名词的数量，后接 可数名词复数。
- How many eggs do we need?
— We need two eggs. - How many tomatoes are there?
— There are three.
2. How much
用于询问 不可数名词的数量或价格。
- How much water do we need?
— We need a little water. - How much salt do we need?
— A little. - How much is the soup?
— It’s ten yuan.
3. 区别速记
用法 | 结构 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
How many | How many + 复数名词 | How many eggs? |
How much | How much + 不可数名词 | How much milk? |
How much | How much + be + 主语 | How much is it? |
语法四：表示顺序的连接词
写“制作步骤”时常用：
- First
首先 - Next
接下来 - Then
然后 - After that
在那之后 - Finally / At last
最后
易错点提醒
- 祈使句不要加主语
❌ You cut up the tomatoes. ✅ Cut up the tomatoes. - Don’t 后动词用原形
❌ Don’t adds salt. ✅ Don’t add salt. - 不可数名词无复数
❌ two waters / salts ✅ two bowls of water / a little salt - How many / How much 后接词形不同
❌ How much eggs? ✅ How many eggs? ✅ How much milk? - 可数名词复数变化
tomato → tomatoes potato → potatoes egg → eggs
Unit 6 Plan for Yourself｜My Plans for the New Term
The new term begins. I am going to study harder and become more confident. First, I will listen carefully in class and finish homework on time. Second, I plan to read one English story every week. Third, I am going to exercise three times a week, because health is important. I also want to help my parents with housework. If I keep these plans, I will improve a lot.
重点固定搭配
1. 与计划和目标有关的短语
- make a plan
制定计划 - make plans for…
为……制定计划 - plan to do sth
计划做某事 - plan for the future
为未来做计划 - set a goal
设定目标 - achieve one’s goal
实现目标 - work hard
努力学习/工作 - study harder
更努力学习 - try one’s best
尽某人最大努力 - do one’s best
尽最大努力 - improve English
提高英语 - get good grades
取得好成绩 - make progress
取得进步 - develop a good habit
养成好习惯 - keep healthy
保持健康 - take more exercise
多锻炼
2. 常用动词短语
- take up
开始从事；培养（爱好） - join a club
加入社团 - learn to do sth
学习做某事 - help others
帮助他人 - read more books
多读书 - spend time doing sth
花时间做某事 - get along well with…
与……相处融洽 - get on well with…
与……相处融洽 - take part in
参加 - make new friends
交新朋友
3. 其他高频短语
- in the new term
在新学期 - at the beginning of
在……开始时 - in the future
将来 - from now on
从现在起 - at weekends
在周末 - after school
放学后 - in one’s free/spare time
在某人的空闲时间 - be ready to do sth
准备好做某事 - be sure to do sth
一定做某事
二、重点句型
1. 询问计划
- What are you going to do in the new term?
新学期你打算做什么？ - Do you have any plans for the new term?
你对新学期有什么计划吗？ - What’s your plan for the future?
你对未来有什么计划？ - How are you going to do that?
你打算怎样做？
2. 表达打算或计划
- I’m going to work harder this term.
这学期我打算更努力学习。 - I plan to read more English books.
我计划读更多的英语书。 - I’m going to join the English club.
我打算加入英语社团。 - She is going to learn to play the piano.
她打算学弹钢琴。 - They are going to take part in more sports.
他们打算参加更多运动。
3. 描述目标
- My goal is to improve my English.
我的目标是提高英语水平。 - I want to get better grades this term.
这学期我想取得更好的成绩。 - I hope to make more progress.
我希望取得更多进步。 - I want to keep healthy and strong.
我想保持健康和强壮。
4. 说明实现目标的方式
- I’m going to study harder by listening to English every day.
我打算每天听英语，从而更加努力地学习。 - To keep healthy, I will do more exercise.
为了保持健康，我会多锻炼。 - I will spend more time on my homework.
我会花更多时间在作业上。
5. 决心与愿望
- From now on, I will try my best.
从现在起，我会尽最大努力。 - I believe I can do it!
我相信我能做到！ - Nothing is impossible if you work hard.
如果你努力，没有什么是不可能的。
三、语法重点
语法一：一般将来时（be going to）
1. 用法
“be going to + 动词原形”表示：
计划、打算做某事 有迹象表明即将发生某事 对未来的预测或决心
本单元重点强调 个人计划和打算。
2. 句子结构
（1）肯定句
结构：主语 + be (am/is/are) + going to + 动词原形
I am going to join the music club.我打算加入音乐社团。 He is going to study harder.他打算更努力学习。 They are going to take more exercise.他们打算多锻炼。
（2）否定句
结构：主语 + be + not + going to + 动词原形
I am not going to watch TV too often.我不打算经常看电视。 She isn’t going to eat too much junk food.她不打算吃太多垃圾食品。 We aren’t going to be lazy this term.这学期我们不打算偷懒。
（3）一般疑问句及回答
结构：Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形？
- Are you going to join a club?
你打算加入社团吗？ Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. - Is he going to improve his English?
Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. - Are they going to take part in sports?
Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
（4）特殊疑问句
- What are you going to do this term?
这学期你打算做什么？ - How are you going to do that?
你打算怎样做？ - When are you going to start?
你打算什么时候开始？ - Why is she going to learn French?
她为什么打算学法语？
语法二：一般将来时（will）
1. 基本用法
“will + 动词原形”表示：
对未来的预测 临时的决定 表达意愿或承诺
2. 句子结构
- I will help you.
我会帮助你。 - She will try her best.
她会尽最大努力。 - It won’t be easy, but I can do it.
这不容易，但我能做到。 - Will you study harder this term?
Yes, I will.
3. be going to 与 will 的区别
be going to | will |
|---|---|
事先计划、打算 | 临时决定、预测 |
I’m going to read more books. | I think it will be fun. |
语法三：动词不定式（to do）作宾语或目的状语
1. plan / want / hope / decide / learn + to do
I plan to get good grades. She wants to join the art club. He hopes to make progress. They decide to study harder. I learn to cook healthy food.
2. 不定式表目的
I get up early to read English.我早起读英语。 He exercises every day to keep healthy.他每天锻炼以保持健康。
语法四：表示频率与目标实现的短语搭配
1. 常与将来计划连用的词
every day 每天 every week 每周 often 经常 usually 通常 always 总是 sometimes 有时 never 从不 more often 更经常 as much as possible 尽可能多地
2. 比较级用于表达“更努力”
study harder 更努力地学习 work more carefully 更认真地工作 exercise more 更多锻炼 read more books 读更多的书
易错点提醒
- be going to 后面用动词原形
❌ I am going to studies hard. ✅ I am going to study hard. - be going to 中的 be 要随主语变化
❌ I is going to… ✅ I am going to… ✅ He is going to… - will 后也用动词原形
❌ She will studies harder. ✅ She will study harder. - plan 后接 to do
❌ I plan improving my English. ✅ I plan to improve my English. - “计划和打算”多用 be going to；“预测、意愿”可用 will
往期回顾
