7-9年级初中英语三年冠词、代词考点汇总,易错题合集,建议打印
- 2026-11-05 09:01:57
很多孩子英语单选丢分,不是单词不认识,是冠词和代词一考就错。
a和an看字母不看音,some和any分不清,few和little混着选,反身代词用错人称。
这两块是中考单选、完形、语法填空的必考基础题,丢一分都可惜。
这份汇总按2026新教材语法体系整理,冠词、代词分开过,最后配易错题合集,家长直接打印,孩子照着练。
一、冠词考点汇总(a / an / the / 零冠词)
1. 不定冠词 a / an
a 用在辅音音素开头的词前:a book、a useful book(u读/juː/,辅音音素)、a European country、a one-way street(one读/wʌn/,辅音音素)。 an 用在元音音素开头的词前:an apple、an hour(h不发音)、an honest boy、an English book、an old man。 关键:看读音,不看字母。a useful book 不是 an useful book;an hour 不是 a hour。 用法:泛指一个;第一次提到;固定搭配(a lot of、a few、a little、have a good time、in a hurry)。 不用于:不可数名词前(a water 错)、复数名词泛指前(a books 错)。
2. 定冠词 the
特指双方都知道的人或物:the book on the desk。 上文提到过:I have a pen. The pen is red. 独一无二:the sun、the moon、the earth。 序数词、最高级前:the first、the best。 乐器前:play the piano(但球类前不加:play football)。 姓氏复数前表一家人:the Smiths。 固定搭配:in the morning、in the end、at the same time、on the left。
3. 零冠词(不加冠词)
三餐:have breakfast/lunch/dinner。 球类、棋类:play basketball、play chess。 学科:study math。 节日:on Christmas Day、on New Year‘s Day。 复数泛指:Books are useful. 不可数泛指:Water is important. 固定搭配:go to school、go to bed、at home、by bus、on foot。
4. 冠词易错点
a useful book,不是 an useful book(u读/juː/)。 an hour,不是 a hour(h不发音)。 an honest boy,不是 a honest boy。 play the piano,但 play football(乐器加the,球类不加)。 go to school(去上学)≠ go to the school(去学校这个地方)。 in the morning,但 at night、at noon。 the + 序数词/最高级,但物主代词后不加the:my first book,不是 my the first book。 a one-way street,不是 an one-way street(one读/wʌn/)。
重点:a/an看读音不看字母,the看特指,零冠词看固定搭配。
二、代词考点汇总
1. 人称代词(主格 / 宾格)
主格作主语:I、you、he、she、it、we、they。 宾格作宾语:me、you、him、her、it、us、them。 易错:Between you and me(不是 between you and I);It‘s me(口语);He is taller than I(正式)/ than me(口语)。 并列主语顺序:单数 you, he and I;复数 we, you and they。
2. 物主代词(形容词性 / 名词性)
形容词性后必须接名词:my book、your pen、his bag。 名词性单独用,相当于形容词性+名词:mine = my book、yours = your pen、his、hers、its、ours、theirs。 易错:a friend of mine(不是 a friend of me);This is mine(不是 This is my)。
3. 反身代词
myself、yourself、himself、herself、itself、ourselves、yourselves、themselves。 固定搭配:enjoy oneself(玩得开心)、help oneself(随便吃)、teach oneself(自学)、by oneself(独自)、look after oneself(照顾自己)。 易错:主语和宾语指同一人时用反身代词:He hurt himself(不是 him)。
4. 指示代词
this / these(近指);that / those(远指)。 电话中:This is Tom speaking(不说 I am Tom)。 比较级中:The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou(用 that 代替不可数名词,those 代替可数复数)。
5. 不定代词
some / any:some 用于肯定句和委婉请求(Would you like some tea?);any 用于否定句和疑问句。 many / much:many + 可数复数;much + 不可数。 few / a few:few 几乎没有(否定);a few 有几个(肯定),后接可数复数。 little / a little:little 几乎没有(否定);a little 有一点(肯定),后接不可数。 both / either / neither:both 两者都;either 两者中任一个;neither 两者都不。 all / none:all 三者及以上都;none 三者及以上都不。 each / every:each 强调个体(两者及以上);every 强调全体(三者及以上)。 复合不定代词:something、anything、nothing、everything;somebody、anybody、nobody、everybody。形容词修饰时后置:something important。 易错:Neither of them is(谓语用单数);Both of them are(谓语用复数)。
6. 疑问代词
who(主格)、whom(宾格)、whose(所有格)、what、which。 易错:**Who is it?(回答 It’s me.);Whose book is this?**(回答 It‘s mine.)。
重点:人称看主宾,物主看接不接名词,反身看主语宾语是否同一人,不定代词看可数不可数和肯否定。
三、冠词、代词易错题合集(考前必做)
1. 冠词易错题
This is ___ useful book.A. a B. an C. the D. /答案:A(useful读/juː/,辅音音素开头)
He is ___ honest boy.A. a B. an C. the D. /答案:B(honest的h不发音,元音音素开头)
I usually play ___ piano after school.A. a B. an C. the D. /答案:C(乐器前加the)
We have ___ breakfast at 7:00.A. a B. an C. the D. /答案:D(三餐前不加冠词)
She is ___ tallest girl in our class.A. a B. an C. the D. /答案:C(最高级前加the)
I go to ___ school by ___ bus every day.A. the; a B. /; / C. a; the D. the; the答案:B(go to school、by bus均为零冠词固定搭配)
2. 代词易错题
Between you and ___, I don’t like the film.A. I B. me C. my D. mine答案:B(介词后用宾格)
This is ___ book. ___ is over there.A. my; Your B. mine; Yours C. my; Yours D. mine; Your答案:C(第一空后接名词用形容词性my;第二空单独用名词性Yours)
He hurt ___ in the accident.A. him B. his C. himself D. he答案:C(主语he和宾语同一人,用反身代词)
Would you like ___ tea?A. some B. any C. many D. few答案:A(委婉请求用some)
There is ___ water in the bottle. Let‘s get some.A. a few B. few C. a little D. little答案:D(little表示“几乎没有”,后接不可数名词,符合“去拿一些”的语境)
___ of the two answers is correct.A. Both B. Either C. All D. None答案:B(两者中任一个用either,谓语用单数)
I have ___ to tell you.A. something important B. important something C. anything important D. important anything答案:A(形容词修饰复合不定代词要后置,肯定句用something)
The weather in Beijing is colder than ___ in Guangzhou.A. it B. that C. this D. those答案:B(比较级中用that代替不可数名词weather)
3. 综合易错题
___ Smiths are going to visit ___ Great Wall next week.A. The; the B. /; the C. The; / D. /; /答案:A(the Smiths表一家人;the Great Wall为专有名词固定搭配)
He has ___ friends, so he often feels lonely.A. a few B. few C. a little D. little答案:B(few表示“几乎没有”,后接可数复数,符合“感到孤独”)
—Who is knocking at the door?—___ is me.A. He B. She C. It D. This答案:C(敲门问“是谁”用It is me回答)
I found ___ difficult to learn English well.A. it B. that C. this D. one答案:A(it作形式宾语,真正宾语是to learn English well)
重点:易错题不是做完就行,要标出错因——是a/an看错读音、the漏加、还是代词主宾格用错。
四、冠词、代词怎么复习?记住3步
先背规则:a/an看读音、the看特指、零冠词看搭配;人称看主宾、物主看接不接名词、反身看同一人。 再做易错题:每道错题标原因,是“读音判断错”“固定搭配没记住”还是“主宾格混了”。 最后放句子里练:单选、完形、语法填空里遇到冠词代词,先判断考哪条规则,再选。
重点:冠词代词不是死背,是看到题能判断考哪一条规则。
以上是7–9年级初中英语冠词、代词考点核心部分。
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