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EXCEL篇-这些符号你天天见,但90%的人没用对!

  • 2026-09-23 12:23:22
EXCEL篇-这些符号你天天见,但90%的人没用对!
你有没有这种经历:看到别人表格公式里突然冒出个 $、&、*,心里想:这啥意思?"但又不好意思问。

今天就把 Excel 里最常用的特殊符号一次讲透,看完这篇,别人写的公式你一眼就能看懂!

一、动态数组符号:

1、“.”加在冒号后面,表示裁剪下面的空白行,如下

2、“# ”加在单元格引用后面,表示整个溢出区域。不用手动下拉,数据源更新区域,查找表也自动更新,不用手动下拉公式

注意:查找区域必须是动态数组,才有效,下图D列省份是用UNIQUE函数自动生成的

意思是:不管 A1 的公式溢出了多少行多少列,全部查找。


二、公式里的符号:$、&、!

🔹 $ 锁定引用,拖拽不跑偏

写公式一拖就错?大概率是 $ 没用对。

写法
含义
拖拽时
A1
行列都不锁
行列都变
$A$1
行列都锁
行列都不变
$A1
只锁列
列不变行变
A$1
只锁行
行不变列变

👉速记:按 F4 键,四种引用方式自动切换,不用手打 $。

🔹 &  文字拼接神器

不用 CONCATENATE,一个 & 搞定拼接:

例如:=R1&"-"&S1               张三 & 销售部 → 张三-销售部

👉 比函数短一半,写起来快得多。

🔹 !  跨表引用的标志

看到 Sheet2!A1,! 就是表名和单元格之间的分隔符,意思是"Sheet2表里的A1"。跨表引用的详细用法可以参考这篇文章EXCEL篇-一个公式批量合并几十张表,再也不用一个个改引用啦!


三、通配符:*、?、~

这三个符号在 COUNTIF、SUMIF、VLOOKUP 等函数中用来模糊匹配。

符号
含义
举例
*
任意多个字符
"张*"
 匹配 张三、张四丰
?
任意一个字符
"张?"
 只匹配 张三,不匹配 张四丰
~
取消通配符含义
"~*"
 匹配真正的星号字符

👉最常用:=COUNTIF(A:A,"张*"),统计所有姓张的人有多少个。

=SUMIF(A:A,"*汇总*",C:C),统计C列中包含汇总字样的,合计数是多少


📋 一张表总结

符号
用在哪
一句话说明
$
公式引用
锁定行/列,拖拽不跑偏
&
公式拼接
文字连接,比函数更简洁
!
跨表引用
表名和单元格的分隔符
*
通配符
匹配任意多个字符
?
通配符
匹配任意一个字符
~
通配符
转义,匹配符号本身
#
动态数组
引用整个溢出区域
.
动态数组
裁切下方空白区域

👉 收藏 + 在看,用的时候不迷路 
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  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000554s ] mysql:host=172.18.0.4;port=3306;dbname=h_sjds;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.000873s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000381s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.000364s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000590s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000279s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.000635s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 552603 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000331s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1790390008 WHERE `id` = 552603 [ RunTime:0.001018s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 65 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000325s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 552603 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000404s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 552603 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000378s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 552603 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000539s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 552603 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.000581s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 552603 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.000559s ]
0.091174s